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R. D. Burman

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R. D. Burman
Burman in 1981
Born
Rahul Dev Burman

(1939-06-27)27 June 1939
Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India
(now Kolkata, West Bengal, India)
Died4 January 1994(1994-01-04) (aged 54)
Bombay (now Mumbai), Maharashtra, India
Occupations
Years active1961–1994
Spouses
  • Rita Patel
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1966; div. 1971)​
  • ​
    (m. 1980)​
Parents

Rahul Dev Burman (pronunciationⓘ; 27 June 1939 – 4 January 1994) was an Indian music director and actor, who is considered to be one of the greatest and most successful music directors of the Hindi film music industry. From the 1960s to the 1990s, Burman composed musical scores for 331 films, bringing a new level of music ensemble with his compositions.[1] Burman did his major work with legendary singers Mohammed Rafi, Kishore Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar, and Asha Bhosle.[2] He also worked extensively with lyricist Gulzar, with whom he has some of the most memorable numbers in his career. Nicknamed Pancham, he was the only son of the composer Sachin Dev Burman and his Bengali lyricist wife Meera Dev Burman.

He was mainly active in the Hindi film industry as a composer, and also provided vocals for a few compositions.[3] He served as an influence to the next generation of Indian music directors,[3] and his songs continue to be popular in India and overseas. Many years after his death, his songs continued to be inspiration for new singers and composers.[4]

Biography

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Early life

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Burman was born to the Hindi film composer and singer, Sachin Dev Burman, and his lyricist wife Meera Dev Burman (née Dasgupta), in Calcutta. Initially, he was nicknamed Tublu by his maternal grandmother, although he later became known by the nickname Pancham. According to some stories, he was nicknamed Pancham because, as a child, whenever he cried, it sounded in the fifth note (Pa), G note on c major scale, of music notation; in Hindustani Classical Music, Pancham is the name of the fifth scale degree: (IAST: Ṣaḍja, Ṛṣabha, Gandhāra, Madhyama, Pañcama, Dhaivata, Niṣāda). Another theory says that the baby was nicknamed Pancham because he could cry in five different notes. Yet another version is that when the veteran Indian actor Ashok Kumar saw a newborn Rahul uttering the syllable Pa repeatedly, he nicknamed the boy Pancham.[5]

Burman received his early education in West Bengal from Ballygunge Government High School in Kolkata. His father S. D. Burman was a noted music director in Hindi language films, the Mumbai-based Hindi film industry. When he was seventeen years old, R. D. Burman composed his first song, Aye meri topi palat ke aa, which his father used in the film Funtoosh (1956). The tune of the song Sar jo tera chakraaye was also composed by him as a child; his father included it in the soundtrack of Guru Dutt's Pyaasa (1957).[6]

In Mumbai, Burman was trained by Ustad Ali Akbar Khan (sarod) and Samta Prasad (tabla).[7] He also considered Salil Chowdhury his guru.[8] He served as an assistant to his father and often played harmonica in his orchestras.[3]

Some of the notable films in which Burman is credited as the music assistant include Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958), Kaagaz Ke Phool (1959), Tere Ghar Ke Samne (1963), Bandini (1963), Ziddi (1964), Guide (1965) and Teen Devian (1965). Burman also played mouth organ for his father's hit composition "Hai Apna Dil To Aawara", which was featured in the film Solva Saal, and sung by Hemanta Mukhopadhyay.[9]

In 1959, Burman signed up as a music director for the film Raaz, directed by Guru Dutt's assistant Niranjan. However, the film was never completed. The lyrics of this Guru Dutt and Waheeda Rehman-starrer film were written by Shailendra. Burman recorded two songs for the film before it was shelved. The first song was sung by Geeta Dutt and Asha Bhosle, and the second one had vocals by Shamshad Begum.[10]

Burman's first released film as an independent music director was Chhote Nawab (1961). When the noted Hindi film comedian Mehmood decided to produce Chhote Nawab, he first approached Burman's father Sachin Dev Burman for the music. However, S. D. Burman declined the offer, advising he was unavailable. At this meeting, Mehmood noticed Rahul playing tabla, and signed him as the music director for Chhote Nawab.[10] Burman later developed a close association with Mehmood, and made a cameo in Mehmood's Bhoot Bangla (1965).[10]

Personal life

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Burman's first wife was Rita Patel, whom he had met in Darjeeling. Rita, a fan, had bet her friends that she would be able to get a film-date with Burman. They two married in 1966, and divorced in 1971.[11] The song Musafir Hoon Yaaron ("I'm a Traveller") from Parichay (1972) was composed while he was at a hotel after the separation.[12]

Burman married Asha Bhosle in 1980. Together, they recorded many hit songs and also staged many live performances. However, towards the end of his life, they did not live together.[13] Burman had financial difficulties, particularly later in his life. His mother Meera died in 2007, thirteen years after his death.[14] She had been suffering from Alzheimer's even before her son's death. Just before her death she had been moved to an old age home, and moved back to her son's residence after the issue became a controversy.[15]

Death

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R.D. Burman died on 4 January 1994 because of a heart attack. Burman had been a patient of a Cardiovascular disease for around 6 years before his death and even underwent a surgery because of an earlier heart attack in 1988.[16]

Music career

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Initial works (1961–1969)

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R. D. Burman began his career as a music director with the 1961 film Chhote Nawab, which proved to be a lukewarm success and so his next three ventures, Bhoot Bungla (1965), Teesra Kaun (1965) and Pati Patni (1966).[17] He established himself with Vijay Anand's musical mystery film Teesri Manzil (1966), which had Shammi Kapoor and Asha Parekh in the lead. It went on to become a huge success at the box office which was attributed to its superhit songs, "O Haseena Zulfonwali Jane Jahan", "O Mere Sona Re Sona", "Aaja Aaja Main Hoon Pyar Tera", "Deewana Mujhsa Nahin" and "Tumne Mujhe Dekha Hokar Meherban", all of which got featured in the year-end annual list of Binaca Geetmala.[18][19] Also the soundtrack of Teesri Manzil proved to be the 7th best-selling Hindi film album of the 1960s.[20]

Burman's other notable work of the decade was the musical comedy Padosan (1968), whose songs like "Ek Chatur Naar", "Mere Samne Wali Khidki Mein", "Mere Bhole Balam" and "Kehna Hai Kehna Hai" remain popular till date and played a major part in making the film a commercial success.[21] In 1969, while working as an assistant to his father in Shakti Samanta's Aradhana, he played an instrumental role in making Kishore Kumar the playback voice of Rajesh Khanna, who became a superstar with the film's blockbuster success and same for Kumar whose singing career got a major boost and he became the leading playback singer of Hindi cinema and remained at that position till his death in 1987.[22][23]

Rise to prominence and immense success (1970–1983)

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Style

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Burman has been credited with revolutionizing Hindi film music.[24] He incorporated a wide range of influences from several genres in his scores though his primary inspiration was Bengali folk. Burman's career coincided with the rise of Rajesh Khanna-starrer youth love stories. He made electronic rock popular in these popular love stories.[3] He often mixed disco and rock elements with Bengali folk music.[25] He also used jazz elements, which had been introduced to him by the studio pianist Kersi Lord.[26]

According to Douglas Wolk, Burman "wrapped sugary string swoops around as many ideas as he could squeeze in at once".[1] Biswarup Sen describes his popular music as one featuring multicultural influences, and characterized by "frenetic pacing, youthful exuberance and upbeat rhythms".[27]

Burman was influenced by Western, Latin, Oriental and Arabic music, and incorporated elements from these in his own music.[28] He also experimented with different musical sounds produced from methods such as rubbing sandpaper and knocking bamboo sticks together.[9] He blew into beer bottles to produce the opening beats of "Mehbooba, Mehbooba". Similarly, he used cups and saucers to create the tinkling sound for the song "Chura Liya Hai" from the film Yaadon Ki Baaraat (1973).[29] For Satte Pe Satta (1982), he made the singer Annette Pinto gargle to produce a background sound.[9] He also rubbed a comb on a rough surface to produce a whooshing sound in the song "Meri Samne Wali Khidki Main" from the film Padosan (1968)

On multiple occasions, Burman experimented with recording the same song with different singers. For Kudrat (1981), he recorded the light semi-classical version of the song "Hume tumse pyar kitna" in the voice of Kishore Kumar, while the classical version was recorded in the voice of Parveen Sultana.

Controversies

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Plagiarism

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Burman sometimes used Western dance music as a source of inspiration for his compositions.[30] As was common in Hindi films, some of his songs featured the tunes of popular foreign songs. Often, the filmmakers forced him to copy these tunes for the soundtracks, resulting in allegations of plagiarism. For example, Ramesh Sippy insisted that the tune of the traditional Cyprus song "Say You Love Me" (arranged and sung by Demis Roussos) be used for "Mehbooba Mehbooba" (Sholay, 1975), and Nasir Hussain wanted to use ABBA's "Mamma Mia" for Mil gaya hum ko sathi. Other examples of Burman songs inspired by foreign songs including "Aao twist karein" from Bhoot Bangla (Chubby Checker's "Let's Twist Again"), "Tumse milke" (Leo Sayer's "When I Need You"), and "Zindagi milke bitaayenge" (Paul Anka's "The Longest Day") and "Jahan teri yeh nazar hai" (Persian artist Zia Atabi's "Heleh maali") and "Dilbar mere" (Alexandra's "Zigeunerjunge").

Band/team members

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Burman often collaborated with the same film directors and worked with the same set of musicians.

Music Assistants

  • Manohari Singh[31]
  • Basudev Chakraborty[32]
  • Maruti Rao Keer
  • Sapan Chakraborty
  • Babloo Chakraborty
  • Deepan Chatterjee

String Instruments

  • Lead Guitar: Ramesh Iyer, Dilip Naik, Sunil Kaushik, Bhupinder Singh
  • Rhythm Guitar: Bhanu Gupta, Bonny D'Costa, RK Das, Gorakh Sharma, Soumitra Chatterjee, Anibal Castro, Binoy Singh, Bipin Panchal, Nepal Shaw, Benu Chatterjee, Tushar Parte, Honey Satamkar, Sameer Phaterpekar
  • Lap Steel Guitar: Bhupinder Singh
  • Bass Guitar: Tony Vaz, Charanjit Singh, Ramesh Iyer, Raju Singh, Gorakh Sharma, Emil Isaac, Tutun Roy
  • Santoor: Shiv Kumar Sharma, Ulhas Bapat
  • Sarangi: Sultan Khan, Iqbal
  • Sarod: Zarine Daruwalla, Aashish Khan
  • Sitar: Kartik Kumar, Arvind Mayekar, J.V Acharya, Ashok Sharma, Rahul Chatterjee, Shujaat Khan
  • Tar Shehnai: Dakshina Mohan Tagore
  • Song Violin: Gajanan Karnad, Sapre, Prabhakar Jog, Harishchandra Narwekar, Rajendra Singh Sodha
  • Violin: Nanekar, Nandu Chavathe, Uttam Singh, Ernest Menezes, Jerry Fernandes, Dorado, Ganesh Sharma, Bablu Chakraborty, Narbade, Puranmohan Singh, Buddhadev Singh, Bahadur Singh, Kishore Singh Jawda, Ashok Jagtap, Surendra Singh, Neville Franco, Prakash Verma, Manoj Shailendra, Amrit Singh, Kenny, Subhash, Debaprasad Chakraborty, Stanley Gomes, Ashish Roy, Franco Vaz, Abhijit Majumdar, Sanjeev Rao
  • Viola: Terrence Fernandes
  • Cello: Basudev Chakraborty, Benito Gracias, Sanjay Chakraborty
  • Swarolin: Rajendra Sodha
  • Mandolin: Kishore Desai, Ravi Sundaram, Mustafa Sajjad, Pradipto Sengupta, Shailu Sundaram, Mahendra Bhavsar, Isaac David, Arvind Haldipur, Jayanti Gosher, Parshuram Haldipur
  • Bulbul Tarang: Rashid Khan

Percussion Instruments

  • Tabla: Shashikant, Amrutrao Katkar, Deepak Naik, Indranath Mukherjee, Vijay Katkar, Janardan Abhyankar, Marutirao Keer, Rijram, Brajen Biswas, Devi Chakraborty, Pramod Sane, Ramakant Mhapsekar, Sharafat, Pt. Samta Prasad, Iqbal Khan, Sanjeev Sen
  • Dholak: Shashikant, UK Dubey, Iqbal Khan, Roshan Ali, Devichand Chauhan, Girish Vishwa, Abdul Karim, Sudarshan Adhikari, Sattar, Pramod Sane, Chandrakant Satnak, Lala Gangavane, Hafeez Khan
  • Drums: Buji Lord, Franco Vaz, Leslie Godinho, Wency D'Souza, Trilok Gurtu, Aadesh Shrivastav, Ranjit Barot, Kersi Lord
  • Bongo: Cawas Lord, Marutirao Keer, Francis Vaz
  • Congo: Babla Shah, Nirmal Mukherjee, Marutirao Keer, Devichand Chauhan, Ashok Patki, Vijay Katkar
  • Tumba: Ravi Gurtu, Nitin Shankar, Manya Barve, Paparao Parsatwar, Devichand Chauhan, Anup Shankar, Vijay Katkar, Dewan Ganguly
  • Percussion: Devichand Chauhan, Amrutrao Katkar, Homi Mullan, Santosh, Marutirao Keer, Franco Vaz, Vijay Indorkar, Devi Chakraborty, Anup Shankar, Chandrakant Satnak, Sadik, Johar, Suresh Soni, Narendra Vakil, Deepak Borkar
  • Khol: Sudarshan Adhikari
  • Bangla Dhol: Abani Das Gupta
  • Halgi/Dhol/Chenda: Ganpatrao Jadhav
  • Tabla Tarang/Jal Tarang: Janardan Abhyankar
  • Matka: Indra Atma, Paparao Parsatwar, Manya Barve
  • Mridangam: Jairaman, Rijram
  • Madal: Ranjit Gazmer (Kancha), Homi Mullan
  • Pakhawaj: Bhavani Shankar, Sameer Sen
  • Octapad: Nitin Shankar, Anup Shankar, Franco Vaz

Keyboard Instruments

  • Piano: Louis Banks, Mike Machado, Lucille Pacheco, Tony Pinto, Y.S. Moolky
  • Synthesizer: Louis Banks, Kersi Lord, Charanjit Singh, Ronnie Monsorate, Vipin Reshammiya, Jackie Vanjari, Deepak Walke, Chitty Pillai
  • Transicord: Charanjit Singh
  • Accordion: Kersi Lord, Suraj Sathe, Homi Mullan, Jackie Vanjari, Chitty Pillai, Sumit Mitra
  • Harmonium: Babu Singh
  • Electric Organ: Ronnie Monsorate
  • Xylophone: Bahadur Singh
  • Vibraphone: Buji Lord

Wind Instruments

  • Bansuri: Hari Prasad Chaurasia, Ronu Majumdar, Sumant Raj
  • Concert Flute: Manohari Singh, Raj Sodha, Shyamraj
  • Mouth Organ: Bhanu Gupta, R. D. Burman
  • Saxophone: Manohari Singh, Shyamraj, Raj Sodha, Suresh Yadav, Umesh Chipkar, Rao Kyao
  • Trumpet: George Fernandes, Joseph Monsorate, Bosco Monsorate, Kishore Sodha, Chris Perry, Prem Sodha
  • Trombone: Blasco Monsorate, Ivan Muns, Anibal Castro
  • Bass Trombone: Bhur Singh
  • Tuba: Munna Khan
  • Flugelhorn: Joseph Monsorate
  • Clarinet: Mirajuddin, Hussain Darbar
  • Shehnaai: Sharad Kumar

Legacy

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Several Hindi films made after Burman's death contain his original songs or their remixed versions. Dil Vil Pyar Vyar (2002), which contains several re-arranged hit songs of Burman, was made as a tribute to him.[33] Jhankaar Beats (2003), which catapulted the music director duo Vishal–Shekhar into the limelight, is also a tribute to him.[34] In Khwahish (2003), Mallika Sherawat's character is a Burman fan; the film features repeated references to him.[35] In 2010, Brahmanand Singh released a 113-minute documentary titled Pancham Unmixed: Mujhe Chalte Jaana Hai, which received critical acclaim.[9] Pancham Unmixed won 2 National Awards and was premiered at IFFLA, Los Angeles. The film is considered a landmark in documentary biopics in India and set a trend. A coffee-table book, co-authored by Brahmanand Siingh and Gaurav Sharma titled "Strings of Eternity" was released with Pancham Unmixed by Shemaroo. Mobius films, the producers of Pancham Unmixed, then went on to release an extended 5 hours version titled "Knowing Pancham". The launch was at prestigious venue Blue Frog in Mumbai and was graced by Manoj Bajpayee, Ashutosh Gowariker, Dolly Thakore, Sachin, Atul Tiwari, Ketan Mehta, Deepa Sahi amongst others. Brahmanand and Gaurav Sharma authored another coffee-table book with the extended version, titled "Diamonds and Rust". The music of Lootera (2013) is a tribute to Burman.[36] A number of Indian remix albums feature Burman's songs, which are also popular in the country's pubs and discos.[5] Several of his compositions were re-mixed by the South Asian DJs in the United Kingdom and North America, and feature in popular albums such as Bally Sagoo's Bollywood Flashback.[3] Kronos Quartet's You've Stolen My Heart (2005) contains Burman's compositions sung by his wife Asha Bhosle.[37] In the 2012 film Khiladi 786, Himesh Reshammiya-composed song Balma is also a tribute to R.D. Burman.[38]

In 1995, Filmfare Awards constituted the Filmfare RD Burman Award for New Music Talent in his memory. The award is given to upcoming music talent in Hindi cinema. In 2009, the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation named a public square in Santa Cruz after Burman.[39]

Burman inspired many later Hindi film music composers, such as Vishal–Shekhar. Jatin–Lalit are considered to have carried on Burman's legacy through the 1990s.[40] Notable musical assistants to Burman include Manohari Singh and Sapan Chakraborty. His instrumentalists included Hari Prasad Chaurasia, Shiv Kumar Sharma, Louis Banks, Bhupinder Singh and Kersi Lord.[9] He is also noted for his partnership with the lyricist Gulzar, who wrote the words for several of his finest compositions.[9]

Pancham Unmixed, a winner of 2 National Awards, is a 113-minute biopic on Burman, directed by Brahmanand Singh. A postage stamp, bearing Burman's likeness was released by India Post to honour him on 3 May 2013.

In India, Pancham Magic from Pune and Euphony from Kolkata hosts shows most likely on 4th Jan and 27 June every year with musicians, artists or otherwise worked with Burman every year. Besides this many events are celebrated in various parts of India every now or then with new talents or people who worked with Burman.

Discography

[edit]
Main article: R. D. Burman filmography

Out of Burman's 331 released film scores, 292 were in Hindi, 31 in Bengali, 3 in Telugu, 2 each in Tamil and Oriya, and 1 in Marathi. Burman also composed for 5 TV Serials in Hindi and Marathi.

Pancham's non-film music comprises a few albums, including Pantera (1987), a Latin Rock album produced by Pete Gavankar (father of Janina Gavankar). The album was an international collaboration, for which Burman partnered with Jose Flores in San Francisco.[41] In 1987, Burman, Gulzar and Asha Bhosle worked on an album titled Dil Padosi Hai, which was released on 8 September 1987, Asha Bhosle's birthday. Burman and Asha Bhosle also recorded the song "Bow Down Mister" with Boy George.[42] In addition, he scored a large number of non-film songs in Bengali, which are available in different albums, and from which many numbers were later adapted in Hindi films. Burman also did playback singing in eighteen films for which he himself composed the scores.[citation needed]

Awards and recognitions

[edit]
Burman on a 2013 stamp of India
Filmfare Awards
Wins
Nominations
Google Doodle
  • On the anniversary of his 77th birthday on 27 June 2016, Google had a Doodle of R.D Burman on its Indian Home Page.[43]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Douglas Wolk (December 1999). "SoundFiles: MP3s and other bytes worth your memory". Spin. 15 (12): 169. ISSN 0886-3032.
  2. ^ "Lata Mangeshkar on R D Burman: Pancham Died Too Young, Unhappy". The Indian Express.
  3. ^ a b c d e Tejaswini Ganti (2004). Bollywood: a guidebook to popular Hindi cinema. Psychology Press. pp. 111–112. ISBN 978-0-415-28854-5.
  4. ^ "Nelly Furtado's 'Say it Right' samples Asha Bhonsle and RD Burman's Duniya Mein Logon Ko".
  5. ^ a b Mini Anthikad-Chhibber (1 July 2003). "Beat poet". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 22 October 2010. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  6. ^ Dinesh Raheja; Jitendra Kothari (1996). The hundred luminaries of Hindi cinema. India Book House Publishers. p. 119. ISBN 978-81-7508-007-2.
  7. ^ Deepa Ganesh (18 August 2010). "Backbones take centre stage". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 September 2010. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  8. ^ Rajan Das Gupta (3 January 2012). "Dad's the spirit!". The Hindu. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Avijit Ghosh (3 April 2010). "RDX unplugged". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  10. ^ a b c Hanif Zaveri (2005). Mehmood, a man of many moods. Popular Prakashan. pp. 72–74. ISBN 978-81-7991-213-3.
  11. ^ Chaitanya Padukone (1 January 2008). "An ode to Pancham". DNA. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  12. ^ "Revealed: Unknown facts about RD Burman!". rediff.com. 5 May 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  13. ^ Ajitabh Menon. "when the beats stopped". Panchamonline.
  14. ^ "S.D. Burman's wife dead". The Hindu. 17 October 2007. Archived from the original on 17 October 2007. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  15. ^ "A Bungalow, A Ma-In-Law". Outlookindia.com. Archived from the original on 27 July 2014. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
  16. ^ admin (4 January 2014). "4th January 1994: R.D. Burman, renowned music director, died -". What Happened on This Day in History - Maps of India. Retrieved 18 December 2024.
  17. ^ Ghosh, Avijit. "A tribute: Five rare gems from the early RD Burman". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  18. ^ R D Burman - My God, That's My Tune
  19. ^ Back on air with Geetmala. Bella Jaisinghani. The Financial Express (India), Sunday, 11 March 2001. Transcript available online at "Ameen Sayani/Press Reviews". Archived from the original on 26 April 2006. Retrieved 2006-07-29., accessed online on 29 July 2006
  20. ^ "Music Hits 1960–1969". Box Office India. Archived from the original on 15 February 2008. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  21. ^ Bhattacharya, Roshmila (9 August 2019). "This week, that year: 'Padosan' Saira Banu on her 'guru' Kishore Kumar". Mumbai Mirror. Archived from the original on 12 February 2023. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  22. ^ "The Aradhana syndrome and S D Burman". Rediff. 31 October 2000. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
  23. ^ "The unforgettable music Rajesh Khanna, Kishore Kumar and RD Burman created together". 19 July 2012.
  24. ^ "RD Burman". Outlook. 46 (26–38). Hathway Investments. 2006.
  25. ^ Kathryn Marie Kalinak (2010). Film music: a very short introduction. Oxford University Press. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-19-537087-4.
  26. ^ E. Taylor Atkins (2003). Jazz Planet. University Press of Mississippi. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-57806-609-4.
  27. ^ Biswarup Sen (2008). "The Sounds of Modernity". In Sangita Gopal and Sujata Moorti (ed.). Global Bollywood: travels of Hindi song and dance. University of Minnesota Press. p. 97. ISBN 978-0-8166-4579-4.
  28. ^ "Pulsating Pancham". The Hindu. 2 July 2007. Archived from the original on 7 January 2013. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  29. ^ Savitha Gautam (26 February 2010). "Melodies and memories". The Hindu. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
  30. ^ Ashok Da. Ranade (2006). Hindi film song: music beyond boundaries. Bibliophile South Asia. p. 309. ISBN 978-81-85002-64-4.
  31. ^ "Pancham's team member no more". HindustanTimes. 15 July 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  32. ^ "assistants". Panchammagic. 29 June 2001. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  33. ^ Radhika Bhirani (19 October 2011). "Sur, saaz and rockstar: When music is Bollywood's muse". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 March 2012.[dead link‍]
  34. ^ "Sujoy Ghosh plans 'Jhankaar Beats' sequel". IBNLive. 29 February 2012. Archived from the original on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  35. ^ Saibal Chatterjee (7 June 2003). "Khwahish". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 21 January 2012. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  36. ^ "'Lootera' songs – Amit Trivedi's tribute to R. D. Burman". Zee News. 8 June 2013.
  37. ^ Allan Kozinn (11 April 2006). "Kronos Quartet and Asha Bhosle Make Not-So-Strange Bedfellows". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  38. ^ "KHILADI 786: RD Burman features with Akshay in new song". Hindustan Times. 18 October 2012. Archived from the original on 20 March 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2013.
  39. ^ Clara Lewis (2 January 2009). "R D Burman gets a chowk in Mumbai". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 1 July 2012. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  40. ^ "Chilling with Bollywood's new songsters". rediff.com. 8 September 2005. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  41. ^ Nilu N Gavankar (20 July 2011). The Desai Trio and the Movie Industry of India. AuthorHouse. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-4634-1941-7. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  42. ^ "Tinseltown Talk". Independent Online. 26 January 2009. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  43. ^ Google pays tribute to legendary composer R D Burman on his 77th birth anniversary. The Indian Express (27 June 2016). Retrieved on 2018-11-08.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Anirudha Bhattacharjee; Balaji Vittal (2011). R.D. Burman: the man, the music. Harper Collins India. ISBN 978-93-5029-049-1.
[edit]
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